碳化铬

碳化铬 基本信息
CAS号 12012-35-0 分子式 C2Cr3
分子量 180.01000 精确质量  179.82200
PSA  0.00000 LogP  0.00340

基本信息 展开↓

CAS号:
12012-35-0
分子式:
C2Cr3
分子量:
180.01000
中文名称:
碳化铬
英文名称:
Chromium carbide
中文别名:
碳化铬;
二碳化三铬
英文别名:
Chromium carbide;
chromium(2+),methanidylidynechromium
精确分子量/精确质量:
179.82200
极性分子表面积/PSA:
0.00000
油水分配系数/LogP:

LogP值指的是某物质在正辛醇/水两相体系中的分配系数的对数值,反映了物质在油水两相中的分配情况。其中、LogP值越大,说明该物质越亲油;反之,LogP值越小,则说明该物质越亲水。
贝尔斯坦号/MDL:
MFCD00016041
EINECS:
234-576-1
PubChem:
24865108
InChI:
InChI=1/2C.3Cr/rC2Cr3/c3-1-5-2-4

生产制备方法及用途展开↓

制备方法


它是一种在高温环境下具有良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗氧化的高熔点的材料,与镍铬合金制得的硬质合金颗粒,采用等离子喷涂法,可作为耐高温、耐磨、耐氧化与耐酸涂层,广泛用在飞机发动机和石油化工机械器件上,可大大提高机械的寿命。也常用作硬质合金的晶粒细化剂及其他耐磨、耐腐蚀元件。以Cr3C2为基的金属陶瓷在高温下有极优异的抗氧化性能。用于碳化铬陶瓷。粗粒碳化铬作为熔喷材料在金属及陶瓷表面形成熔喷覆膜,赋予后者以耐磨、耐热、耐蚀等性能,广泛用于飞机发动机及石油化工机械器件上,以大大提高机械寿命。亦用于喷制半导体膜。

合成制备方法


1.金属铬粉碳化法 将炭黑按13.5%~64%(质量)的比例(比理论结合碳量11.33%还多)与用电解铬粉碎而成325目的金属铬粉末,用球磨机进行干式混合之后作为原料。添加1%~3%硬脂酸作为成型用润滑剂。用1 T/cm2以上压力加压成型。将该加压成型粉末放进石墨盘里或坩埚里,用塔曼炉或感应加热炉,在氢气流(氢气露点在-35℃左右)中,加热至1500~1700℃,并保持1h,使铬进行碳化反应,生成碳化铬,经冷却,制得碳化铬。

2.将炭黑按13.5%~64%(质量分数)的比例与金属铬粉末(325目以下的粉末,采用电解法得到的)在球磨机上进行干法混合。添加1%~3%的硬脂酸作为成型润滑剂。在1t/cm2的压力下成形。将加压成形的混合物装到石墨盘或坩埚里,下图VI-1 碳化用感应加热炉:

       1—石棉保护板;2—感应线圈;3—硅线石;4—石墨盖;5—有孔石墨盖;6—石墨坩埚

用塔曼炉或图所示的感应加热炉,在氢气流中,加热至1500~1700℃,维持1h,得到Cr3C2。

3.由氧化铬的还原制取碳化铬。三水合三草酸根合铬(Ⅲ)酸铵(NH4)3[Cr(C2O4)3]·3H2O或甲酸铬Cr(HCO2)3经400℃加热分解制备三氧化二铬Cr2O3细粉[5]。将74%(质量分数)Cr2O3微粉与26%(质量分数)炭黑用球磨机混合,用硬脂酸为润滑剂,在1t/cm2左右压力下加压成形。将加压成形的混合物按制法1投入石墨容器中,在氢气流中用塔曼炉或感应加热炉加热,保持在1500~1700℃,使氧化物还原,然后继续进行渗碳以制取Cr3C2。反应完毕后仍在氢气流中冷却至室温,将产物粉碎过筛得到Cr3C2粉末。制得Cr3C2的纯度为:含结合碳12.7%~13.0%(质量分数),游离碳0.2%~0.3%(质量分数)。

4.金属铬粉(或氧化铬粉)与炭粉混合加压成型,在还原气氛中(覆盖在炭粉下或在渗碳性煤气中),于1000℃以上温度烧结。

5.100份粒径为34μm的氧化铬粉,与34.25份石墨及6.7份水混匀后,装入刚玉坩埚,上面覆盖石墨,加盖后于1400℃烧3h。冷后轻压筛分,得到适于熔喷的Cr3C2,氧化铬转化率97%。

用途简介


用途


1.它是一种在高温环境下具有良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗氧化的高熔点的材料,与镍铬合金制得的硬质合金颗粒,采用等离子喷涂法,可作为耐高温、耐磨、耐氧化与耐酸涂层,广泛用在飞机发动机和石油化工机械器件上,可大大提高机械的寿命。也常用作硬质合金的晶粒细化剂及其他耐磨、耐腐蚀元件。以Cr3C2为基的金属陶瓷在高温下有极优异的抗氧化性能。

2.用于碳化铬陶瓷。粗粒碳化铬作为熔喷材料在金属及陶瓷表面形成熔喷覆膜,赋予后者以耐磨、耐热、耐蚀等性能,广泛用于飞机发动机及石油化工机械器件上,以大大提高机械寿命。亦用于喷制半导体膜。

物化性质展开↓

外观与性状:
无气味的灰色粉末
密度:
6.68
熔点:
1890ºC
沸点:
3800ºC
存储条件/存储方法:

贮存于阴凉、通风、干燥的库房内,密封保存。

稳定性相关:

高温抗氧化性好,在空气中1100℃温度下维持4h不氧化。正交晶系,晶胞常数a=0.2821nm,b=0.552nm,c=1.146nm。Cr3C2熔点1895℃。具有高硬度,微维氏硬度(负荷50g)2280kg/mm2,密度6.68g/cm3耐高温、耐腐蚀等特性。但在空气中加热至600℃以上时,会被氧化。

其它信息:

1.       性状:灰色粉末,有金属光泽。正交晶系,a=2.821、b=5.52、c=11.46

2.       密度(g/mL,25/4℃): 6.68

3.       相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):无可用

4.       熔点(ºC):1890

5.       沸点(ºC,常压):3800

6.       沸点(ºC,5.2kPa): 无可用

7.       折射率: 无可用

8.       闪点(ºC): 无可用

9.       比旋光度(º):无可用

10.    自燃点或引燃温度(ºC):无可用

11.    蒸气压(kPa,25ºC):无可用

12.    饱和蒸气压(kPa,60ºC):无可用

13.    燃烧热(KJ/mol):无可用

14.    临界温度(ºC):无可用

15.    临界压力(KPa):无可用

16.    油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值:无可用

17.    爆炸上限(%,V/V):无可用

18.    爆炸下限(%,V/V): 无可用

19.    溶解性:不溶于水

安全信息展开↓

包装等级:
III
风险类别:
4.1

毒理性展开↓

毒理学数据:

 

生态数据:

该物质对环境可能有危害,对水体应给予特别注意。

MSDS 展开↓


Section 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE
  Product identifiers
    Product name        : Chromium carbide    
    CAS-No.        : 12012-35-0    
  Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
    Identified uses        : Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances    
  
  

Section 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  Classification of the substance or mixture
    Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
    Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to EC-directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC.
  Label elements
    The product does not need to be labelled in accordance with EC directives or respective national laws.
  Other hazards - none

Section 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
  Substances
    Formula        : C2Cr3    
    Molecular Weight        : 180,01 g/mol    

Section 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
  Description of first aid measures
  If inhaled
    If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
  In case of skin contact
    Wash off with soap and plenty of water.
  In case of eye contact
    Flush eyes with water as a precaution.
  If swallowed
    Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water.
  Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
  Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
    no data available

Section 5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
  Extinguishing media
  Suitable extinguishing media
    Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
  Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
    Chromium oxides
  Advice for firefighters
    Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
  Further information
    no data available

Section 6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
    Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas.
  Environmental precautions
    Do not let product enter drains.
  Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
    Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
  Reference to other sections
    For disposal see section 13.

Section 7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
  Precautions for safe handling
    Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.Normal measures for preventive fire
    protection.
  Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
    Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
  Specific end uses
    no data available

Section 8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Control parameters
  Components with workplace control parameters
  Exposure controls
  Appropriate engineering controls
    General industrial hygiene practice.
  Personal protective equipment
  Eye/face protection
    Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards
    such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
  Skin protection
    Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
    (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
    contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
    Wash and dry hands.
    The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
    the standard EN 374 derived from it.
  Body Protection
    Choose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount of dangerous
    substances, and to the specific work-place., The type of protective equipment must be selected
    according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
  Respiratory protection
    Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired,
    use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Use respirators and components tested and
    approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Section 9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
  Information on basic physical and chemical properties
    a) Appearance        Form: powder    
    b) Odour        no data available    
    c) Odour Threshold        no data available    
    d) pH        no data available    
    e) Melting point/freezing        no data available    
    point
    f) Initial boiling point and no data available
    boiling range
    g) Flash point        no data available    
    h) Evaporation rate        no data available    
    i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available
    j) Upper/lower        no data available    
    flammability or
    explosive limits
    k) Vapour pressure        no data available    
    l) Vapour density        no data available    
    m) Relative density        6,68 g/mL at 25 °C    
    n) Water solubility        no data available    
    o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available
    octanol/water
    p) Autoignition        no data available    
    temperature
    q) Decomposition        no data available    
    temperature
    r) Viscosity        no data available    
    s) Explosive properties        no data available    
    t) Oxidizing properties        no data available    
  Other safety information
    no data available

Section 10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Reactivity
    no data available
  Chemical stability
    no data available
  Possibility of hazardous reactions
    no data available
  Conditions to avoid
    no data available
  Incompatible materials
    Strong oxidizing agents
  Hazardous decomposition products
    Other decomposition products - no data available

Section 11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  Information on toxicological effects
  Acute toxicity
    no data available
  Skin corrosion/irritation
    no data available
  Serious eye damage/eye irritation
    no data available
  Respiratory or skin sensitization
    no data available
  Germ cell mutagenicity
    no data available
  Carcinogenicity
    IARC:        No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as    
    probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
  Reproductive toxicity
    no data available
  Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
    no data available
  Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
    no data available
  Aspiration hazard
    no data available
  Potential health effects
  Inhalation        May be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation.    
  Ingestion        May be harmful if swallowed.    
  Skin        May be harmful if absorbed through skin. May cause skin irritation.    
  Eyes        May cause eye irritation.    
  Additional Information
    RTECS: Not available

Section 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  Toxicity
    no data available
  Persistence and degradability
    no data available
  Bioaccumulative potential
    no data available
  Mobility in soil
    no data available
  Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
    no data available
  Other adverse effects
    no data available

Section 13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Waste treatment methods
  Product
    Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
  Contaminated packaging
    Dispose of as unused product.

Section 14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
  UN number
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -    
  UN proper shipping name
    ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods
    IMDG: Not dangerous goods
    IATA:        Not dangerous goods    
  Transport hazard class(es)
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -    
  Packaging group
    ADR/RID: -        IMDG: -        IATA: -    
  Environmental hazards
    ADR/RID: no        IMDG Marine pollutant: no        IATA: no    
  Special precautions for user
    no data available



SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
N/A


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

分子结构与计算化学数据展开↓

分子结构数据


1、   摩尔折射率:无可用

2、   摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用

3、   等张比容(90.2K):无可用

4、   表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用

计算化学数据


1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:2

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

7.重原子数量:5

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:28.9

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:3

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