亚硒酸

亚硒酸 基本信息
CAS号 7783-00-8 分子式 H2O3Se
分子量 128.97400 精确质量  129.91700
PSA  57.53000 LogP  -0.85320

基本信息 展开↓

CAS号:
7783-00-8
3D弹球模型:
立即前往扯扯看
分子式:
H2O3Se
分子量:
128.97400
中文名称:
亚硒酸
英文名称:
selenous acid
中文别名:
亚硒酸
英文别名:
selenous acid;
selenious acid;
EINECS 231-974-7;
seleniums acid;
Selenium dioxide,monohydrated;
Selenious acid (H2SeO3);
Monohydrated selenium dioxide;
selenic(IV) acid
精确分子量/精确质量:
129.91700
极性分子表面积/PSA:
57.53000
油水分配系数/LogP:

LogP值指的是某物质在正辛醇/水两相体系中的分配系数的对数值,反映了物质在油水两相中的分配情况。其中、LogP值越大,说明该物质越亲油;反之,LogP值越小,则说明该物质越亲水。
贝尔斯坦号/MDL:
MFCD00011331
EINECS:
231-974-7
PubChem:
24888283
InChI:
InChI=1/H2O3Se/c1-4(2)3/h(H2,1,2,3)

生产制备方法及用途展开↓

制备方法


1.室温下,将密度为1.18的试剂硝酸与硒进行反应,直至氮氧化物不再溢出, 然后,将混合于50-60 oC下蒸发至干。所得固体用水溶解并过滤,滤液蒸发浓缩至原体积的1/4后,冷却结晶,吸滤所得晶体用少量冰水洗涤,洗涤液和滤液合并回收利用,所得结晶经上述方法重结晶,即可得试剂亚硒酸。 2.在瓷皿中将纯净的SeO2溶于少量水中,在水浴上将溶液蒸发浓缩到开始析出结晶(操作过程中应避免灰尘进入,否则会还原为Se)。冷却后将析出的亚硒酸结晶用玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,再用水重结晶一次后抽干。将产物放在两层滤纸之间用力挤压,然后在装有KOH的真空干燥器中放置数日使之干燥。若用浓硫酸或五氧化二磷作干燥剂,存放较久则可能进一步脱水变成二氧化硒。

合成制备方法


1.室温下,将密度为1.18的试剂硝酸与硒进行反应,直至氮氧化物不再溢出,

然后,将混合于50-60 ºC下蒸发至干。所得固体用水溶解并过滤,滤液蒸发浓缩至原体积的1/4后,冷却结晶,吸滤所得晶体用少量冰水洗涤,洗涤液和滤液合并回收利用,所得结晶经上述方法重结晶,即可得试剂亚硒酸。

2.在瓷皿中将纯净的SeO2溶于少量水中,在水浴上将溶液蒸发浓缩到开始析出结晶(操作过程中应避免灰尘进入,否则会还原为Se)。冷却后将析出的亚硒酸结晶用玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,再用水重结晶一次后抽干。将产物放在两层滤纸之间用力挤压,然后在装有KOH的真空干燥器中放置数日使之干燥。若用浓硫酸或五氧化二磷作干燥剂,存放较久则可能进一步脱水变成二氧化硒。

用途简介


1.用作分析试剂,可作为还原剂或氧化剂。还用于制备显色剂。 2.亚硒酸及盐和酸酐可用作焦磷酸盐镀铜和氰化物镀银的光亮剂。

用途


1.用作分析试剂,可作为还原剂或氧化剂。还用于制备显色剂。

2.亚硒酸及盐和酸酐可用作焦磷酸盐镀铜和氰化物镀银的光亮剂。

物化性质展开↓

密度:
4.81 g/mL at 25ºC(lit.)
熔点:
70ºC
沸点:
684.9ºC(lit.)
水溶解性:
167 g/100 mL (20℃)
存储条件/存储方法:

1.保持贮藏器密封

2.放入紧密的贮藏器内,储存在阴凉,干燥的地方.

稳定性相关:

1.能被强氧化剂如臭氧、过氧化氢和氯等氧化成硒酸。能被氢碘酸、亚硫酸、羟胺盐类等还原剂还原成硒。有剧毒,吸入有毒害,并具有蓄积性危害。与易燃品接触能引起灼烧。在干燥的空气中会发生风化成为SeO2。易溶于水,是一种中强酸。也是一种中强的氧化剂,易还原为Se。

2.亚硒酸及其盐可渗入皮肤使人中毒; 口服呈剧毒; 无机硒化合物可造成皮炎; 接触后呼吸有大蒜味、 脸色灰白、 紧张、 消化不良; 常见工业危害为刺激、 灼烧皮肤

其它信息:

1.      性状:无色或白色易潮解结晶。

2.      密度(g/mL 25ºC):3.004

3.      相对蒸汽密度(g/mL,空气=1):3.004

4.      熔点(ºC):70

5.      沸点(ºC,常压):684.9

6.      沸点(ºC,5.2kPa):未确定

7.      折射率(n20/D):未确定

8.      闪点(ºC,):690

9.      比旋光度(º):未确定

10.   自燃点或引燃温度(ºC):未确定

11.   蒸气压(kPa,25ºC):未确定

12.   饱和蒸气压(kPa,60ºC):未确定

13.   燃烧热(KJ/mol):未确定

14.   临界温度(ºC):未确定

15.   临界压力(KPa):未确定

16.   油水(辛醇/水)分配系数的对数值(25℃):未确定

17.   爆炸上限(%,V/V):未确定

18.   爆炸下限(%,V/V):未确定

19.   溶解性(mg/mL):溶于水。易溶于乙醇。不溶于氨水

安全信息展开↓

包装等级:
III
危险类别码:
R23/25;R33;R50/53
安全说明:
S20/21-S28-S45-S60-S61
安全标志:
S26:万一接触眼睛,立即使用大量清水冲洗并送医诊治。
S28:接触皮肤之后,立即使用大量皂液洗涤。
S45:出现意外或者感到不适,立刻到医生那里寻求帮助(最好带去产品容器标签)。
S60:本物质残余物和容器必须作为危险废物处理。
S61:避免排放到环境中。参考专门的说明/安全数据表。
危险标志:
T:Toxic;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;

合成路线查看所有的合成路线

  • 7782-49-2

  • +

  • 7732-18-5

  • +

  • 10028-15-6

    臭氧

  • 7783-00-8

    亚硒酸

  • +

  • 7783-08-6

    硒酸

  • 7782-49-2

  • +

  • 10028-15-6

    臭氧

  • 7783-00-8

    亚硒酸

  • +

  • 7783-08-6

    硒酸

  • 7782-49-2

  • +

  • 7697-37-2

    硝酸

  • 7783-00-8

    亚硒酸

  • +

  • 7783-08-6

    硒酸

毒理性展开↓

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
VS7175000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Selenious acid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7783-00-8
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
33
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
H2-O3-Se
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
128.98
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
H2 SE-O3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
11 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/kg/2D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 367,233,1996 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,224,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3;STEL 0.3 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.2 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.1 mg(Se)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84466 No. of Facilities: 345 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 1177 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84466 No. of Facilities: 1294 (estimated) No. of Industries: 17 No. of Occupations: 17 No. of Employees: 7593 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1866 (estimated)
毒理学数据:

急性毒性:半数致死量(小鼠,静脉)11mg/kg

生态数据:

对水是极其危害的,若无政府许可,勿将材料排入周围环境

MSDS 展开↓

Name: Selenious acid Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym: Monohydrated selenium dioxide; selenous acid
CAS: 7783-00-8
Section 1 - Chemical Product   MSDS Name:Selenious acid Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Monohydrated selenium dioxide; selenous acid

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS#
7783-00-8 Selenious acid 98 231-974-7
Hazard Symbols: T N
Risk Phrases: 23/25 33 50/53

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
  EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. Danger of cumulative effects.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause severe eye irritation. May result in corneal injury.
Skin:
May cause severe skin irritation. May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. Prolonged and/or repeated contact may cause irritation and/or dermatitis.
Ingestion:
May be fatal if swallowed. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause burns to the digestive tract.
Inhalation:
May be fatal if inhaled. May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract with sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath and delayed lung edema.
Chronic:
Symptoms demonstrated by humans suffering from chronic selenium intoxication, selenosis, include depression, languor, nervousness, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, giddiness, garlic odor of the breath and sweat, moderate emotional instability, excess dental caries, and in extreme cases, loss of fingernails and partial alopecia (hair loss).

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
  Eyes: In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Get medical aid immediately. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
POISON material. If swallowed, get medical aid immediately. Only induce vomiting if directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Inhalation:
POISON material. If inhaled, get medical aid immediately. Remove victim to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration.
If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Notes to Physician:

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
  General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.
Extinguishing Media:
Use extinguishing media most appropriate for the surrounding fire.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
  General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
  Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only with adequate ventilation or respiratory protection.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.
Poison room locked.

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
  Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits. Use process enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to control airborne levels.
Exposure Limits CAS# 7783-00-8: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.1 mg TWA (except hydrogen selenide, as Se) United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.3 m STEL (except hydrogen selenide, as Se) United States OSHA: 0.2 mg/m3 TWA (as Se) (listed under Selenium compounds).
Belgium - TWA: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.2 mg/m3 VLE (as Japan: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 OEL (except SeH2 SeF6, as Se) Malaysia: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.2 mg/m3 TWA (as Se) Netherlands: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 MAC (as Se Spain: (listed as selenium compounds): 0.1 mg/m3 VLA-ED (except hydrogen selenide, as Se) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
 
Physical State: Powder
Color: white
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: 70 deg C (dec)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature: 70 deg C
Solubility in water: Readily soluble in water
Specific Gravity/Density: Not available.
Molecular Formula: H2SeO3
Molecular Weight: 128.97

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
  Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Dust generation, moisture, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong reducing agents, finely powdered metals.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Selenium/selenium oxides.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  RTECS#:
CAS# 7783-00-8: VS7175000 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Oral rat LDLo: 25 mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Selenious acid - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
  Other No information available.

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
  Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION
 
IATA
Shipping Name: SELENIUM COMPOUND, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 3283
Packing Group: II
IMO
Shipping Name: SELENIUM COMPOUND, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 3283
Packing Group: II
RID/ADR
Shipping Name: SELENIUM COMPOUND, N.O.S.
Hazard Class: 6.1
UN Number: 3283
Packing group: II
USA RQ: CAS# 7783-00-8: 10 lb final RQ; 4.54 kg final RQ

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION
 
European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: T N
Risk Phrases:
R 23/25 Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
R 33 Danger of cumulative effects.
R 50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause
long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Phrases:
S 20/21 When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 28A After contact with skin, wash immediately with
plenty of water.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek
medical advice immediately (show the label where
possible).
S 60 This material and its container must be
disposed of as hazardous waste.
S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to
special instructions/safety data sheets.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 7783-00-8: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 7783-00-8 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 7783-00-8 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 7783-00-8 is listed on the TSCA inventory.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

分子结构与计算化学数据展开↓

计算化学数据


1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:2

3.氢键受体数量:3

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积57.5

7.重原子数量:4

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:26.3

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

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